Bellarmine · De Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis · On the Ecclesiastical Writers
Chapter 16: The Fifth Century: Augustine, Volumes I-V
Our translation, from the Latin of the Opera Omnia (Paris: Vivès, 1870–74), vol. XII, De Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis, of the New Testament, fifth century. The Latin source text is public domain; this English rendering is released with the site. Scripture quotations follow Bellarmine's Vulgate citations, rendered in Douay-Rheims wording where he quotes exactly. Click “Show the Latin” for the original (raw OCR of the scan; scanning errors remain — the scan itself is the authority).
The fifth century, from the year 400 to 500
St. Augustine. 400
St. Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, flourished about the year of the Lord 420, which year he himself mentions in the letter to Hesychius, which is the eightieth. He died in the seventy-sixth year of his age, on the witness of Possidius in his life, and in the year 433 from the birth of the Lord, as Prosper testifies in the Chronicle. And so that the reader may understand from the catalogue of his books which are his undoubted works, I shall write beside each the place of the Retractations in which he himself mentions his work, or I shall write Indic., which means that the book is in the Indiculus of Possidius, who most diligently brought all the books of St. Augustine into a little index. Wherever, then, a book is found marked retract. or Indic., that book will without doubt be St. Augustine's; where nothing is marked, we shall speak of that book in the note which we shall add below.
The scan prints this catalogue as a table whose columns have been broken apart; the references are matched to the books in order, and evident slips in the numbers are marked.
The first volume: Retractations, 2 books (Retr. 2.67); Confessions, 13 (2.6); On grammar, 1 (1.6); On dialectic, 1 (1.6); the Ten Categories, 1 (1.6); the Principles of rhetoric, 1 (1.6); On music, 6 (1.11); Against the academics, 3 (1.1); On order, 1 (1.3 [“1” printed]); On the happy life, 1 (1.2); Soliloquies, 2 (1.4); On the Master, 1 (1.12); On the immortality of the soul, 1 (1.5); On the greatness of the soul, 1 (1.8); On free will, 3 (1.9); On true religion, 1 (1.13 [“15” printed]); On the morals of the Church, 1 (1.7); On the morals of the Manichees, 1 (1.7).
The second volume: the Letters of St. Augustine, with those written to him, 222 in number.
Note. Of these, seven are found in the Retractations: the two letters to Januarius, that is, 118 and 119 (Retr. 2.20); the letter to Deogratias, 49 (2.31); the letter to Honoratus, 120 [“110”] (2.36); the letter to Paulinus, 112 (2.41); the letter to Boniface, 50 (2.48); the letter to Dardanus, 57 (2.49). Yet he himself warns at the end of the second book of the Retractations that not all his letters and sermons were comprised in the Retractations. The sixteen letters of Augustine to Boniface, and of Boniface to Augustine, which are put between the letter to Honoratus on flight in persecution and the letter to Ecdicia on the vow of continence, do not seem to be Augustine's; but they are very short, and it does not much matter whose they are. The letters of Augustine to Cyril and of Cyril to Augustine on the death and miracles of St. Jerome are false, as we noted above in the note on the ninth volume of St. Jerome.
The third volume: On Christian doctrine, 4 books (Retr. 2.4); On Genesis against the Manichees, 2 (1.10); Expressions of sacred Scripture, 7 (2.54); Monastic rules, 3; On faith and the creed, 1 (1.17); On the hermit life, to his sister, 1; the Enchiridion, 1 (2.63); On the Trinity, 15 (2.15); On Genesis, unfinished, 1 (1.18); On Genesis to the letter, 12 (2.24); On the wonders of sacred Scripture, 3; On the Christian contest, 1 (2.3); On the work of Monks, 1 (2.21); On the spirit and the letter, 1 (2.37); On the divination of demons, 1 (2.30 [“36”]); On Church dogmas, 1; On spirit and soul, 1; On faith, to Peter, 1; the Mirror, 1 (Indic.); Little questions on the Trinity, 1; On the blessings of the Patriarchs, 1; Sentences, 1.
Note. In this volume, as is known from the books of the Retractations, only two works can be doubtful [among those Augustine could have listed]: the rules, and On the hermit life, of which no mention is made in the book of Retractations. And of the three rules only the third is certainly St. Augustine's, but given to women, not men; for it is found in letter 109. The other two do not seem to be Augustine's. The book On the hermit life cannot be Augustine's, since in it the holy Fathers Benedict and Gregory are named.
The book On the wonders of sacred Scripture is not without cause not found in the Retractations nor in the Indiculus of Possidius, because it is a book unworthy of the mind and weight of St. Augustine; which St. Thomas too made little of, and denied to be St. Augustine's, III, q. 45, art. 3, reply to the second. The book On Church dogmas does not seem to be St. Augustine's, since it is chiefly put together from the decisions of the Council of Orange and of the supreme Pontiffs Innocent, Zosimus and Celestine, and for the greatest part from the works of St. Augustine; but it is certain that the Council of Orange and the letter of Celestine were written after the death of St. Augustine. Pope Hadrian, in the letter to Charlemagne, volume 3 of the letters of the supreme Pontiffs, cites on the veneration of relics chapter 73 of the book On Church dogmas under the name of Gennadius, Bishop of Marseilles. Alger, who flourished in the year of the Lord 1100, attributes the same book to Gennadius, writing On the body and blood of the Lord book 1, chapter 22; as also Platina does in the life of Symmachus, where he says that in the time of this Pontiff the book On Church dogmas was written by Gennadius of Marseilles.
The book On spirit and soul is not St. Augustine's, but of someone much more recent, since in chapter 37 it cites Boethius, who was almost a hundred years later than Augustine, and in chapter 48 brings in much from the book On Church dogmas; yet it is a learned and pious book. The book On faith, to Peter, does not seem to be St. Augustine's, since no mention is made of it either in the Retractations or in the Indiculus. It is attributed by many to St. Fulgentius: both because a certain Peter the Deacon was his very close friend, and this book is written to Peter the Deacon; and also because the style agrees with the style of St. Fulgentius. Lastly the Presbyter Bertram, who wrote about the year of the Lord 1010 [as printed] on the body and blood of Christ, cited this book under the name of St. Fulgentius; and (what is more) in the revised Roman Breviary, on the feast of the most holy Trinity, the lessons of the second nocturn are assigned from the book On faith, to Peter, under the name of St. Fulgentius. The book entitled the Mirror, though some have doubted of its author, is truly St. Augustine's; for it is found in the Indiculus of Possidius, and the same Possidius, in the life of St. Augustine, relates that this book was written by Augustine. The Little questions on the Trinity seem taken from Augustine's books On the Trinity, it is uncertain by whom. The book On the blessings of the Patriarchs seems likewise taken from the Hebrew questions of St. Jerome. Both are little books, so that it does not much matter who their author is. The Sentences are without doubt Augustine's, but gathered by St. Prosper, and put not only in prose but also in verse, as can be seen in his works.
The fourth volume: On lying, 1 book (Retr. 1.27); Against lying, 1 (2.60); On faith and works, 1 (2.38); Questions on the Heptateuch, 7 (2.55); Questions on the Gospels, 2 (2.12); Questions from Matthew, 1 (Indic.); On the agreement of the Evangelists, 4 (2.16); Eighty-three questions, 1 (1.26); Twenty-one sentences, 1; Questions to Simplician, 2 (2.1); Questions to Dulcitius, 1 (2.65); Sixty-five questions; Questions on the old and new Testament; On the care for the dead, 1 (2.64); On catechizing the unlearned, 1 (2.14); On the Incarnation of the Word, 2; On the Trinity and unity of God, 1; On the essence of the Godhead, 1; On faith in things unseen, 1; On the substance of love, 1; On continence, 1 (Indic.); On patience, 1 (Indic.); On the good of widowhood, 1 (Indic.); On true and false penance, 1; On saving lessons, 1; On friendship, 1; On the Lord's sermon on the mount, 2 (1.19); the unfinished Exposition of the letter to the Romans (1.25); the Exposition of certain propositions of the letter to the Romans (1.23); the Exposition of the letter to the Galatians (1.24); Notes on Job (2.13).
Note. Of the books that Augustine acknowledges as his in the Retractations no one can rightly doubt, except perhaps the book of notes on Job. For Augustine himself says he found that book so corrupted by the fault of copyists that he hardly dares acknowledge it as his. The book of twenty-one sentences and the book of sixty-five questions do not seem to be St. Augustine's, not only because they are not found in the Retractations nor in the Indiculus, but also because they have nothing weighty and worthy of Augustine.
The book of Questions on the old and new Testament is not Augustine's, but of some Heretic. For in question 2 it says the world was made because of the devil's presumption; in question 43 it says that the little children who perished with their parents in the overthrow of Sodom are free from gehenna, and so this author denies original sin. In question 21 it says that woman was not created in the image of God. In question 43 it says that Jephte has no testimony of justice; and yet it is found most clearly in Hebrews 11. In question 80 it says that men are not born children of the devil. In question 109 it says that Melchisedech is the Holy Spirit, and is a Priest, but not the high priest, “as,” he says, “the Prelates presume in the oblation”; where he finds fault with the canon of the Mass, where is read, “thy high priest Melchisedech”. St. Jerome seems to note this place in the letter to Evagrius, where he says that the author of a certain work in which it is asserted that Melchisedech is the Holy Spirit is unskilled in speech and knowledge. In question 44 it says that from the destruction of Jerusalem to his own times three hundred years had passed; from which it is plainly gathered that this author is older than Augustine. For three hundred years from the destruction of Jerusalem are three hundred and seventy-three from the birth of the Lord; and at that time St. Augustine was a youth of sixteen. For he died in the year of the Lord 433 [430], being 76 years of age, as we said above; so he must have been born in the year of the Lord 357 [354], from which to 373 are sixteen years; nor did he begin to write Church books except after baptism, which he received after his thirtieth year. And whom we believe to be the author of these questions we said above when we were reviewing the books of St. Ambrose.
The books On the Incarnation of the Word, On the Trinity and unity of God, On the essence of the Godhead, On faith in things unseen, On the substance of love, do not seem to be St. Augustine's, since they are not found in the Retractations nor in the Indiculus of Possidius, who was most diligent in gathering the books of his Master; nor do they savour of St. Augustine's phrasing and teaching. The books On continence, On patience and On the good of widowhood are St. Augustine's, even if Erasmus protests; for they are found in the Indiculus of Possidius, and are cited by the Venerable Bede under the name of St. Augustine in the commentary on Romans 8, and on 1 Corinthians 1 and 7, on Philippians 4, and on 1 Timothy 5, and elsewhere; lastly there is no probable reason to the contrary. The book On true and false penance is not St. Augustine's; for besides that no mention of it is made in the Retractations nor in the Indiculus, in chapter 17 this author brings in a certain opinion of St. Augustine and disagrees with it. The book On saving lessons and the book On friendship do not seem to be St. Augustine's, both because Possidius makes no mention of them in the Indiculus, and because the style is lower and the speech itself more meagre than is St. Augustine's wont; yet they are pious books and not useless.
The fifth volume: the twenty-two books On the City of God, which St. Augustine also acknowledges as his, Retractations book 2, chapter 43, and calls a great work, as it truly is; and he says the time and occasion of writing it was the overthrow of the City of Rome under Alaric, King of the Goths.
Show the Latin (Vives edition, OCR)
SICULUM QUINTUM AB ANNO 400. AD 500. De S. Augustino. 400. Sanctus Augustinus Episcopus Hipponen¬ sis florebat circa annum Dom. 420. cujus anni ipse meminit in epistola ad Isychium, quae est octogesima. Obiit autem anno aeta¬ tis suae septuagesimo sexto, teste Possidio in ejus vita, et a natali Domini ann. 433. ut Prosper testatur in Chronico. Ac ut ex cata¬ logo librorum ipsius possit lector intelli- gere, quae sint opera ejus indubitata, adserit bam locum retractationum, in quo ipseme- operis sui mentionem facit, vel adseribam indic, quod significat, eum librum esse in indiculo Possidii, qui diligentissime in indi¬ culum redegit omnes libros S. Augustini. Ubicumque igitur invenietur notatus liber retract. vel indic, is liber sine dubio erit S. Augustini : ubi nihil erit innotatum, de eo libro dicemus in observatione, quam sub¬ jiciemus. Primi tomi haec sunt : Retractationum libri 2 Confessionum, 13 De grammatica i De dialectica, 1 Categoriae decem t Lib. 2. retr. c. 67. 2. retr. cap. 6. 1, retr. cap . 6. I , retr. cap. 6. 1. retr. cap, 6. AB ANNO DOM. 400. AD 500. 395 Principia rhetorices, 1 De musica, 6 Contra academicos, 3 De ordine, i De vita beata, 1 Soliloquiorum, 2 De Magistro, 1 De immortalitate ani¬ mae, i De quantitate animae, 1 De libero arbitrio, 3 De vera religione 1 De moribus Ecclesiae, i De moribus Mani - 1. retr. cap. 6. 1. retr. cap. 11. 1. retr. 1. 1. retr. 1. 2. retr. 2. 1. retr. 4. 1. retr. 12. 1. retr. 5. 1. retr. 8. 1. retr. 9. 1. reir. 15. 1. retr. 7. cium, et Bonifacii ad Augustinum, quae in¬ terseruntur inter epistolam ad Honoratum de fuga in persecutione, et epistolam ad Edi- ciam de voto continentiae, non videntur esse Augustini, sed brevissimae sunt, et non mul¬ tum refert cujus tandem sint. Epistolae Augustini ad Cyrillum, et Cyrilli ad Augustinum, de obitu et miraculis S. Hieronymi, falsae sunt, ut notavimus supra in observatione ad tomum nonum S. Hierony¬ mi. Tomi tertii haec sunt : chaeorum, l i. retr. 7. De doctrina Christiana lib. 4 2. retr. 4. De Genesi contra Ma- Locutionum sacrae Scri¬ chseos, 2 1. retr. 10. pturae, 7 2. retr. 54. Regulae monasticae, 3 De fide, et symbolo, 1 1. retr. 17. De vita Eremitica ad Enchiridion, 1 2. retr. 63. sororem, 1 De Trinitate, 15 2. retr. 15. De Genesi imperfectus, 1 1. retr. 18. Observatio. De Genesi ad litteram, 12 2. retr. 24. De mirabilibus sacrae Scri¬ In hoc tomo, ut notum est ex libris retra¬ pturae, 3 ctationum, sola duo opera dubia esse pos¬ De agone Christiano, 1 2. retr. 3. sunt, regulae, et de vita eremitica, quorum De opere Monachorum, 1 2. retr. 21. non fit mentio in lib. retract. et quidem ex De spiritu et littera, 1 2. retr. 37. tribus regulis, sola tertia est certa S. Augu¬ De divinatione daemonum 1 2. retr. 36. stini, sed feminis data, non viris : habetur De Ecclesiasticis dogmati¬ enim in epistola 109. Reliquae duae non vi¬ bus, 1 dentur Augustini. Liber de vita eremitica De spiritu, et anima, 1 non potest esse Augustini, cum in eo nomi¬ De fide ad Petrum, 1 nentur SS. Patres Benedictus et Gregorius. Speculum, 1 Indic. Quaestiunculae de Trinitate, 1 Tomi secundi haec sunt : De benedictionibus Patri¬ archarum, 1 Epistolae S. Augustini cum iis quae ad Sententiae. 1 ipsum scribuntur numero 222. Observatio. Observatio. Ex his inveniuntur in retractationibus se¬ ptem. Epistolae duae ad Januarium, id est, 118 et 119. 2. retract. 20 Epistola ad Deo gratias 49 2. retract. 31 Epistola ad Honoratum, 110 2. retract. 36 Epistola ad Paulinum, 112 2. retract. 41 Epistola ad Bonifacium, 50 2. retract. 48 Epistola ad Dardanum, 57 2. retract. 49 Admonet tamen ipse idem in extremo li¬ bro secundo retractationum, a se epistolas, et sermones omnes, non fuisse in retracta¬ tioribus comprehensos. Epistolae sexdecim Augustini ad Bonifa- Liber de mirabilibus sacrae Scripturae non sine causa non invenitur in retractationibus, neque in indiculo Possidii, quoniam liber est indignus ingenio et gravitate S. Augu¬ stini, quem etiam non magnificit, et S. Augu¬ stini esse negavit S. Thomas. 3. p. q. 45. art. 3. ad secundum. Liber de Ecclesiasticis dogmatibus non videtur esse S. Augustini, cum praecipue conflatus sit ex sententiis Concilii Arausiea- ni, et summorum Pontificum Innocentii, Zo- zimi, Ccelestini ; et maxima ex parte ex operibus S. Augustini : atqui Concilium Arausicanum, et epistolam Ccelestini, scripta esse constat post obitum S. Augustini. Ha- 396 DE SCRIPTORIBUS ECCLESIASTICIS drianus Papa in epistola ad Carolum Ma¬ gnum tomo m. epistolarum summorum Pon¬ tificum, citat de reliquiarum veneratione cap. 73. libri de Ecclesiasticis dogmatibus, sub nomine Gennadii Massiliensis Episcopi. Algerus, qui floruit anno Dom. 1 100. tribuit eumdem librum Gennadio, scribens de cor¬ pore et sanguine Domini lib. i. cap. 22; quod etiam facit Platina in vita Symmachi, ubi dicit, tempore hujus Pontificis scriptum fuisse a Gennadio Massiliensi librum de Ec¬ clesiasticis dogmatibus. Liber de spiritu et anima non est S. Au¬ gustini, sed alicujus multo recentioris, cum cap. 37. citet Boetium, qui fere centum annis fuit Augustino posterior, et cap. 48. multa proferat ex libro de.Ecclesiasticis dogmati¬ bus : est tamen liber doctus, et pius. Liber de fide ad Petrum, non videtur esse S. Augustini, cum non fiat ejus mentio, nec in retractationibus, nec in indiculo. Tribui- tnr a multis Sancto Fulgentio, tum quod Pe¬ trus quidam Diaconus ejus amicissimus fue¬ rit, et hic liber scribatur ad Petrum Diaco¬ num : tum etiam, quia stylus conformis sit stylo Sancti Fulgentii. Denique Bertramus Presbyter, qui circa annum Dom. 1010. scri¬ psit de corpore, et sanguine Christi, hunc librum sub nomine Sancti Fulgentii citavit et (quod majus est) in Brevario Romano re¬ cognito, in festo sanctissimse Trinitatis as¬ signantur lectiones secundi nocturni ex libro de fide ad Petrum sub nomine S. Fulgentii. Liber, qui inscribitur, Speculum, quamvis de ejus auctor aliqui dubitaverint, vere S. Augustini est : nam et habetur in indiculo Possidii, et ipse idem Possidius, in vita S. Augustini, tradit hunc librum ab Augustino fuisse conscriptum. Quaestiunculae de Trinitate, videntur ex¬ cerptae ex libris Augustini de Trinitate, in¬ certum a quo. Liber de benedictionibus Patriarcharum similiter excerptus videtur ex quaestionibus Hebraicis S. [Hieronymi. Uterque parvus libellus est, ut non multum referat , quis eorum sit auctor. Sententiae sine dubio Augustini sunt, sed collectae a Sancto Prospero, nec solum so¬ luta oratione, sed etiam carmine descriptae, ut in ejus operibus videre licet. Tomi quarti haec sunt : I 1. retract. 27. Contra mendacium, 1 2. retract. 60. De fide, et operibus, 1 2. retract. 38. Quaestionum in heptateu¬ chum, 7 2. retract. 55. Quaestionum Evangelica- rum, 2 2. retract. 12. Quaestionum ex Matthaeo, 1 Indiculum. De consensu Evangelista- rum, 4 2. retract. 16. Octoginta trium quaestio¬ num. 1 \. retract. 26. Sententiarum viginti et u- nius, 1 Quaestionum ad Simplicia- num. 2 2. retract. 1 . Quaestionum ad Dul citium, lib. 1 2. retract. 65. Quaestionum sexaginta quinque. Quaestionum veteris et novi Testamenti. De cura pro mortuis, 1 2. retract. 64. De catechizandis rudibus, I 2. retract. 14. De Incarnatione Yerbi, 2 De Trinitate et unitate Dei. 1 De essentia divinitatis, 1 De fide rerum invisibilium, 1 De substantia dilectionis, 1 De continentia, 1 Indic. De patientia, 1 Indic. De bono viduitatis, 1 Indic. De vera et falsa poenitentia, 1 De salutaribus documentis, 1 De amicitia, 1 De sermone Domini in mon¬ te, 2 Expositio inchoata in epist. ad Rom. Expositio quarumdam pro¬ positionum epistolae ad Romanos. Expositio epistolae ad Gala¬ tas. Annotationes in Job. 1. retract. 19. 1. retract. 25. I . retract. 23. 1 . retract. 24. 1. retract. 13. Observatio. Ex libris, quos Augustinus pro suis agno¬ scit in retractationibus, nemo jure dubitare potest, nisi forte de libro annotationum in Job. Ipse enim Augustinus dicit, eum li¬ brum ita se depravatum invenisse vitio li¬ brariorum, ut vix audeat illum pro suo agno¬ scere. Liber sententiarum viginti unius : et liber De mendacio, lib. AB ANNO DOM. 400. AD 500. 397 quaestionum sexaginta quinque non videntur esse S. Augustini, non solum quia non ha¬ bentur in retractationibus, neque in indicu¬ lo, sed etiam quia nihil habent grave, et dignum Augustino. Liber quaestionum veteris et novi Testa¬ menti, non est Augustini, sed alicujus Hae¬ retici : nam quaest. 2. dicit, mundum factum fuisse propter Diaboli praesumptionem ; quaest. 43. dicit, parvulos fdios, qui una cum parentibus perierunt in subversione Sodomae, liberos esse a gehenna : ac per hoc negat iste auctor peccatum originis. Quaest. 21. dicit, mulierem non esse creatam ad imaginem Dei. Quaest. 43. dicit Jephte nul¬ lum habere testimonium justitiae : et tamen exstat clarissime ad Heb. xi. Quaest. 80. di¬ cit, homines non nasci fdios Diaboli. Quaest. 109. dicit, Melchisedech esse Spiritum san¬ ctum, et esse Sacerdotem, sed non summum; ut in oblatione, inquit, praesumunt Antisti¬ tes. Ubi reprehendit canonem Missae, ubi legitur, « Summus sacerdos tuus Melchise¬ dech. » Hunc locum videtur notare Sanctus Hiero¬ nymus in epistola ad Evagrium, ubi dicit, auctorem cujusdam operis, in quo asseritur, Melchisedech esse Spiritum sanctum, esse imperitum sermone, et scientia. Quaest. 44. dicit, ab excidio Hierusalem usque ad sua tempora fluxisse annos trecentos : ex quo plane colligitur, hunc auctorem esse anti¬ quiorem Augustino : nam anni trecenti ab excidio Hierusalem sunt anni trecenti se¬ ptuaginta tres a nativitate Domini : eo autem tempore Sanctus Augustinus eratadolescens annorum sexdecim. Obiit enim anno Domi¬ ni 433. cum esset aetatis annorum 76. ut su¬ pra diximus : proinde nascit debuit anno Domini 357. ex quo usque ad 373. sunt anni sexdecim, nec scribere coepit libros Eccle¬ siasticos, nisi post baptismum, quem susce¬ pit post annum tricesimum : quis autem credatur fuisse auctor harum quaestionum diximus supra, dum S. Ambrosii libros re¬ censeremus. Libri de Incarnatione Verbi, de Trinitate, et unitate Dei, de essentia divinitatis, de fide rerum invisibilium, de substantia dilectionis, non videntur esse S. Augustini, cum non inveniantur in retractationibus, nec in indi¬ culo Possidii, qui diligentissimus fuit in li¬ bris Magistri sui colligendis, neque .etiam sapiunt phrasim et doctrinam S. Augustini. Libri de continentia, de patientia, et de bono viduitatis, S. Augustini sunt, etiamsi Erasmus reclamet : nam inveniuntur in indiculo Possidii et citantur a venerabili Beda sub nomine S. Augustini in com¬ mentario ad cap. vili, ad Rom. et in cap. i et vn. prioris ad Corinth. in cap. iv. ad Philipp. et in cap. v. prioris ad Timoth. et alibi : denique nulla est probabilis ratio in contrarium. Liber de vera et falsa poenitentia non est S. Augustini : nam praeterquam quod non fit ejus mentio in retractationibus, nec in indiculo, cap. 17, hic auctor adducit senten¬ tiam quamdam Sancti Augustini, et ab ea dissentit. Liber de salutaribus documentis, et liber de amicitia, non videntur esse S. Augustini, tum quia eorum non facit mentionem Possi- dius in indiculo, tum quia stylus humilior est, et oratio ipsa magis jejuna, quam soleat S. Augustini : libri tamen pii sunt, et non inutiles. Tomi quinti sunt : Libri viginti duo de civitate Dei, quos et Sanctus Augustinus pro suis agnoscit in lib. ii. retract. cap. 43. et grande opus appellat, ut revera est, et tempus etiam et occasio¬ nem scribendi fuisse dicit, eversionem Urbis Romse, sub Alarico Rege Gothorum. Tomi sexti haec sunt :